Bauer, William. Neuroelectric Medicine. Journal of Bioelectricity, 2(2&3):159-180, 1983.

 This is a review paper covering several physiological theories organized under the following headings:

1. History
2. Instrumentation
3. Ionic Basis of Excitation and Conduction: Membrane Potential, Action Potential, Nerve Impulse
4. Semiconduction and Piezoelectricity
5. Non-ionic Basis of Biological Electric Currents: Generator Impulse, Biological Direct Currents, Neurohumoral Transmitters
6. Neural Integration: Gate Theory, Electrical Modulation Theory
7. Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields
8. Histopathological Studies
9. Endocrinological Studies
10. Hematological and Immunological Studies
11. Neurological and Cardiological Studies
12. Behavioral Studies
13. Models of Tissue Interaction with Electromagnetic Fields
14. Macromolecular Phase Transition Model
15. Charge Population Transition Model
16. Tunneling Model
17. Clinical Use of NET [Alpha-Stim 2000 and 350] at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Cleveland:
    Examples are given for Head and Neck Cancer Pain, Low Back Pain, Tennis Elbow Pain, Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Tinnitus, Radiation Therapy Side Effects, and Neurological Diseases (i.e., MS).

The Conclusion states, "NET [Alpha-Stim] is an extremely effective method of treatment for a wide variety of medical disorders. We have demonstrated a high rate of success in most cases of intractable pain which have failed all other modalities of treatment, including TENS...The lack of side-effects makes this an especially encouraging area for clinical research. The wealth of physiological and biochemical research already in the literature lays a sound foundation for rational explanations of the biological effects of electromagnetic energy. Perhaps most important is the fact that a new conceptual model of the body is being formed. Essentially, a new system may be introduced which appears to have its own physiology. It is hoped that this paper will provide background material for further research in this new field of Neuroelectric Medicine." 67 references are provided.